Christine Indahwati (1), Dewa Bagus Sanjaya (2), I Wayan Suastra (3)
This study analyzes the implementation and development needs of a problem-based Value Clarification Technique (VCT)Model to enhance learning interest and critical thinking in Civic Education for fourth-grade elementary school students.Observations at one of Public Elementary School in Bali, Indonesia revealed conventional learning methods with limitedmedia and suboptimal implementation of problem-based issues, despite teachers' efforts to link material to local problems. Interviews confirmed teachers' limited understanding of VCT and their hopes for innovative models and media.Questionnaire results indicated low levels of student enjoyment and active engagement in Civic Education. These findings underscore the urgency of developing a problem-based VCT Model integrated with flashcards. This model iscrucial for shifting students' learning experiences toward concrete domains as per Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience, boosting learning interest, fostering critical thinking through problem-solving, and aligning with constructivist principles.This research provides a strong foundation for developing more effective and relevant Civic Education learning interventions.
Abdulkarim, A., Komalasari, K., & Masyitoh, I. S. (2024). VCT Model Based on Local Wisdom Values in Pancasila and Citizenship Education to Strengthen Students ’ Social Awareness. 5(5), 1228–1238.
Abdulkarim, A., Komalasari, K., & Masyitoh, I. S. (2024). VCT Model Based on Local Wisdom Values in Pancasila and Citizenship Education to Strengthen Students’ Social Awareness. 5(5), 1228–1238.
Adawiah, R., Ruchliyadi, D. A., & Halidi, W. (2024). a Combination of the Project Based Learning Model and Value Clarification Technique in Improving Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Indonesian Journal of Educational Development (IJED), 5(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.59672/ijed.v5i1.3728
Adiastuty, N., Sumarni, Riyadi, M., Nisa, A., & Waluya. (2021). Neuroscience study: Analysis of mathematical creative thinking ability levels in terms of gender differences in vocational high school students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1933(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1933/1/012072
Adiputra, D. K., Karyaningsih, D., Ruiyat, S. A., Heryadi, Y., Sampurna, I., & Solihatulmillah, E. (2021). Development of Vocational Learning Video Based on Local account in PKN Learning in Elementary School. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764(1), 4–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012086
Aini, D., Latifah, S., & Hamid, A. (2021). Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model: Its Effect in Improving Students’ Critical Thinking Skill. Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 4(2), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.24042/ijsme.v4i2.8660
Alscher, P., Ludewig, U., & McElvany, N. (2022). Civic Education, Teaching Quality and Students’ Willingness to Participate in Political and Civic Life: Political Interest and Knowledge as Mediators. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 51(10), 1886–1900. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01639-9
Amin, S., Utaya, S., Bachri, S., Sumarmi, & Susilo, S. (2020). Effect of problem-based learning on critical thinking skills and environmental attitude. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 8(2), 743–755. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.650344
Arikunto, S. (2020). Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Arisoy, B., & Aybek, B. (2021). The effects of subject-based critical thinking education in mathematics on students’ critical thinking skills and virtues*. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 2021(92), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2021.92.6
Astawa, I. W. W., Putra, M., & Abadi, I. . G. S. (2020). Pembelajaran PPKn dengan Model VCT Bermuatan Nilai Karakter Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pengetahuan Peserta didik. Jurnal Pedagogi Dan Pembelajaran, 3(2), 199. https://doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v3i2.25677
Astiwi, K. P. T., Antara, P. A., & Agustiana, I. G. A. T. (2020). Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta didik SD pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Profesi Guru, 3(3), 459. https://doi.org/10.23887/jippg.v3i3.29457
Bağ, H. K., & Gürsoy, E. (2021). The Effect of Critical Thinking Embedded English Course Design to The Improvement of Critical Thinking Skills of Secondary School Learners✰. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41(July). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100910
Bowyer, B., & Kahne, J. (2020). The digital dimensions of civic education: Assessing the effects of learning opportunities. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 69(November 2019), 101162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2020.101162
Creswell, J. W. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Darmawati, Y., & Mustadi, A. (2023). The Effect of Problem-Based Learning on the Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students.
Jurnal Prima Edukasia, 11(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpe.v11i2.55620
Ennis, R. (2011). Critical thinking:Reflection and perspective part I. Inquiry: Critical thinking across the Disciplines, 26(1), 4-18 Facione, P. A. (1990). The California Critical Thinking Skills Test--College Level. Technical Report# 1. Experimental Validation and
Content Validity. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED327549
Fadilla, N., Nurlaela, L., Rijanto, T., Ariyanto, S. R., Rahmah, L., & Huda, S. (2021). Effect of problem-based learning on critical thinking skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1810(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1810/1/012060
Fitriani, A., Zubaidah, S., Susilo, H., & Al Muhdhar, M. H. I. (2020). PBLPOE: A learning model to enhance students’ critical thinking skills and scientific attitudes. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 89–106. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.1327a
Habib, M., Siregar, Z., & Haddina, E. (2023). The Development of Thematic Fun Thinkers Flash Card Media in Improving Scientific Thinking Skills for Second Graders of Elementary Students. Edunesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 4(2), 560–573. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v4i2.398
Hendrawijaya, A. T. (2022). Effects of Mediation of Learning Interest in Improving Student Learning Achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 857–872. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15149a
Hidayati, B. N., & Minsih. (2023). The Value Clarification Technique Learning Model Improves the Character of Elementary School Students. International Journal of Elementary Education, 7(2), 319–327. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/IJEE/article/view/58502
Kardoyo, Nurkhin, A., Muhsin, & Pramusinto, H. (2020). Problem-based learning strategy: Its impact on students’ critical and creative thinking skills. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1141–1150. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.1141
Kiranadewi, F. D., & Tyas, A. H. A. (2021). Perbandingan Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Dengan Model Problem Solving Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Pada Pembelajaran PPKn. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 4(1), 1–7.
Liu, Y., & Pásztor, A. (2022). Effects of problem-based learning instructional intervention on critical thinking in higher education: A meta-analysis. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 45(May). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101069
Mahdi, O. R., Nassar, I. A., & Almuslamani, H. A. I. (2020). The role of using case studies method in improving students’ critical thinking skills in higher education. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(2), 297–308. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p297
Oats, R., & Oats, L. K. (2023). Enhancement of Sustainable Education for All: A Reality or Illusion in Botswana. International Journal of Education and Teaching, https://doi.org/10.51483/ijedt.2.2.2022.4-49
Palavan, Ö. (2020). The Effect Of Critical Thinking Education On The Critical Thinking Skills And The Critical Thinking Dispositions Of Preservice Teachers. Educational Research and Reviews, 15(10), 606–627. https://doi.org/10.5897/err2020.4035
Payne, K. A., Adair, J. K., Colegrove, K. S. S., Lee, S., Falkner, A., McManus, M., & Sachdeva, S. (2020). Reconceptualizing civic education for young children: Recognizing embodied civic action. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 15(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1746197919858359
Pernantah, P. S. (2020). Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning and Value Clarification Technique in History Learning to Improve Moral Awareness. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, 9(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.22202/mamangan.v9i1.2981
Ratnaningsih, C. M. N., & Jayanta, I. N. L. (2023). Digital Teaching Module on Teaching Practice Material Based on Value Clarification Technique (VCT). Journal of Education Technology, 7(3), 429–438. https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v7i3.61649
Slameto. (2010). Belajar dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Wiradewi, N. M., Sri Asri, I. G. A. A., & Manuaba, I. B. S. (2020). Value Clarification Technique Learning Model Based on Folklore towards Knowledge Competence of Civic Education. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 4(3), 505. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v4i3.25627
Yusni, D., & Sanjaya, Y. (2023). Enhancing Students ’ Critical Thinking Skills Through Problem-Based Learning Values Clarification Technique (PBLVCT) on The Human Respiration System Concept. 6(2), 297–310. https://doi.org/10.24014/jnsi.v6i2.31382